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简单句:反意疑问句 - 大学英语语法大全

2025-01-27 01:27:08浏览:
简单句:反意疑问句 - 大学英语语法大全反意疑问句: 反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用yes或no&rdq反意疑问句:反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用yes或no来进行回答。


1) 构成:陈述句+附加问句。
由两部分组成:前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是疑问句,它是由be ,have,助动词或情态动词+主语构成。
如果陈述句是肯定结构,反意疑问句须用否定结构;反之,陈述句如果是否定结构,反意疑问句须用肯定结构。
反意疑问句的两部分, 必须保持人称和时态的遥;反意疑问句的回答有时会和汉语不同。
陈述句部分附加问句部分注意点肯定陈述句否定的简短一般问句当陈述句部分含有是动词、(有动词)、情态动词和助动词时,简短问句中沿用该词;否则就遥do/does//did.
否定陈述句肯定的简短一般问句如:He is old,isn’t he?
(他老了不是吗?
)/ The man went away,didn’t he?
(那个男人走开了不是吗?
)/ He isn’t old,is he?
(他不老是吗?
)/ He never went there,did he?
(他从没有去过那里是吗?
)

2) 反意问句的回答:

无论哪种形式的反意问句,回答时要遵循:Yes,+肯定式或者No,+否定式

如:The man went away, didn’t he?
(那人走开了,不是吗?
)

——Yes, he did.
(是的,他走了。
)/No, he didn’t.
(不,他没有走。
)

The man never went there, did he?
(这人从来不去那里,是吗?
)

——Yes, he did.
(不是呀,他去的。
)/No, he didn’t.
(是呀,他不去。
)

特殊句型:

1.
祈使句。
祈使句后一般加上will you或won’t you构成反义疑问句,用will you多表示请求,用won’t you多表示提醒对方注意。
例如:

let引导的祈使句有两种情况:①let’s---,后的反义疑问句用shall we或shan’t we。
如:Let’s go home, shan’t we?
回家吧,好吗?
②let us/me--- 后的反义疑问句用will you或won’t you。
如:let me have a try, won’t you?


其他祈使句都用will you或won’t you回答。


2.
反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。


①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?
(不能用is he?


②The man is dishonest, isn’t he?
(不能用is he?


③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?
(不能用is it ?


3.
反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom,not,no,nobody,nothing, none, neither等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。
如:

①She never tells a lie, does she?
(不用doesn’t she?


②He was seldom late, was he?
(不用wasn’t he?


4.
反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时,问句部分虽然也可用am not I,但习惯上用aren’t I?
表示。
如:I am a very honest man, aren’t I?


5.
反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We)遥称 think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持遥。
如:①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?


②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it?
(不用don’t we?


6.
反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持遥且用肯定式。
如:①I don’t think that you can do it, can you?
(不用do I?


②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it?
(不用do we?


7.
反意疑问句的陈述部分为非遥称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持遥。
如:

①They all think that English is very important, don’t they?
(不用isn’t it?


②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he?
(不用wasn’t/ was it?


8.
反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持遥。
如:①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they?
(不用hadn’t you)

②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she?
(不用wouldn’t she?


9.
陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时,问句部分的主语用it。
如:

①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?


②Nothing has happened to them, has it?


10.
陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone),no, none, neither时,问句部分的主语用he或 they(通常用they),这时问句动词的数应和he或 they遥。
如:①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?


②Everyone has done his best in the game, haven’t they?