语法总结:动词的变化
2020-12-18 00:00:00浏览:
语法总结:动词的变化1)代词及be动词
主格Iweyouyoushe/he/itthey
宾格meusyouyouher/him/itthem
代词所有格myouryouryourher/his/itstheir
名词遥代词mineoursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs
be动词遥时Amareareareisare
be动词过去时waswere
2)名词的复数
规则变化的名词复数形式
规则1一般情况+se.g.shell→shellstoy→toys
规则2以s,x,ch,sh结尾+ese.g.fox→foxeschurch→churches
规则3以o结尾+s或+ese.g.radio→radiospotato→potatoes
规则4以f,fe结尾的,变f,fe为vese.g.life→liveshalf→halves
规则5以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.sky→skiesstudy→studies
3)动词的第三人称单数形式
规则1一般情况+se.g.like-likes,look-looks
规则2以s,x,ch,sh和o结尾+ese.g.do-does,catch-catches
规则3以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.carry-carries,fly-flies
4)动词遥分词
规则1一般动词加-inge.g.look-looking,read-reading,play-playing
规则2以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-inge.g.make-making,take-taking,arrive-arriving
规则3重读闭音节词结尾,即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-inge.g.run-running,sit-sitting,get-getting,swim-swimming,stop-stopping
5)动词过去式
规则动词变化
规则1一般动词加-ede.g.look-looked,watch-watched,play-played
规则2以e结尾的加-de.g.make-maked,arrive-arrived
规则3以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-edcry-cried,carry-carried
规则4重读闭音节词结尾,即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-edstop-stopped
过去式的读音
在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/e.g.walked,jumped
在浊辅音和元音后读/d/e.g.washed,watched
在/t/,/d/后读/id/e.g.waited,hated
6)形容词和副词的比较遥和较高遥
比较遥
规则1一般加-ere.g.high-higher
规则2以e结尾加-rnice-nicer
规则3以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-erbusy-busier
规则4重读闭音节结尾,双写辅音字母再加-erfat-fatter
较高遥
规则1一般加-este.g.high-highest
规则2以e结尾加-stnice-nicest
规则3以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-estbusy-busiest
规则4重读闭音节结尾,双写辅音字母再加--estfat-fattest
7)常见缩写:
is='sIam=I'mare='re
isnot=isn't/iznt/arenot=aren't/a:nt/
donot=don't
doesnot=doesn't
was='s
didnot=didn't
cannot=can't
have='ve
has='s
havenot=haven't
hasnot=hasn't
will='ll
willnot=won't
shallnot=shan'