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语法总结:动词的变化

2020-12-18 00:00:00浏览:
语法总结:动词的变化1)代词及be动词

  主格Iweyouyoushe/he/itthey

  宾格meusyouyouher/him/itthem

  代词所有格myouryouryourher/his/itstheir

  名词遥代词mineoursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs

  be动词遥时Amareareareisare

  be动词过去时waswere

  2)名词的复数

  规则变化的名词复数形式

  规则1一般情况+se.g.shell→shellstoy→toys

  规则2以s,x,ch,sh结尾+ese.g.fox→foxeschurch→churches

  规则3以o结尾+s或+ese.g.radio→radiospotato→potatoes

  规则4以f,fe结尾的,变f,fe为vese.g.life→liveshalf→halves

  规则5以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.sky→skiesstudy→studies

  3)动词的第三人称单数形式

  规则1一般情况+se.g.like-likes,look-looks

  规则2以s,x,ch,sh和o结尾+ese.g.do-does,catch-catches

  规则3以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.carry-carries,fly-flies

  4)动词遥分词

  规则1一般动词加-inge.g.look-looking,read-reading,play-playing

  规则2以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-inge.g.make-making,take-taking,arrive-arriving

  规则3重读闭音节词结尾,即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-inge.g.run-running,sit-sitting,get-getting,swim-swimming,stop-stopping

  5)动词过去式

  规则动词变化

  规则1一般动词加-ede.g.look-looked,watch-watched,play-played

  规则2以e结尾的加-de.g.make-maked,arrive-arrived

  规则3以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-edcry-cried,carry-carried

  规则4重读闭音节词结尾,即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-edstop-stopped

  过去式的读音

  在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/e.g.walked,jumped

  在浊辅音和元音后读/d/e.g.washed,watched

  在/t/,/d/后读/id/e.g.waited,hated

  6)形容词和副词的比较遥和较高遥

  比较遥

  规则1一般加-ere.g.high-higher

  规则2以e结尾加-rnice-nicer

  规则3以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-erbusy-busier

  规则4重读闭音节结尾,双写辅音字母再加-erfat-fatter

  较高遥

  规则1一般加-este.g.high-highest

  规则2以e结尾加-stnice-nicest

  规则3以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-estbusy-busiest

  规则4重读闭音节结尾,双写辅音字母再加--estfat-fattest

  7)常见缩写:

  is='sIam=I'mare='re

  isnot=isn't/iznt/arenot=aren't/a:nt/

  donot=don't

  doesnot=doesn't

  was='s

  didnot=didn't

  cannot=can't

  have='ve

  has='s

  havenot=haven't

  hasnot=hasn't

  will='ll

  willnot=won't

  shallnot=shan'